Human papilloma virus

1 July 2025

The human papilloma virus (HPV) is located exclusively in the basal layer of the skin, and its reproduction occurs in the upper layer.The disease is a characteristic of its chronic form with periodic tremors.

Incubation period and development stage

The duration of virus incubation is different.This type of virus is characterized by a hidden current.The subclinical form of the disease is a feature of non -medical appearance during an easy examination of rash that causes discomfort to the patient in the genital area.You can be infected immediately with several types of papillomaviruses.Under the influence of several factors, the virus is activated and its reproduction begins, and the disease enters the period of clinical manifestation.In 90 % of cases in six months a year, self -healing occurs, in some cases, chronic recurring courses can occur with a high probability of violence (depending on the type of virus).The disease continues in four stages (stages):

Stage 1 (Early) - Latent papillomavirus infection.The virus is in the body, but does not appear, does not cause transformation in the cell.At this stage, it can be identified with PCR analysis;

2 - Clinical signs arise - in the form of growth on the skin.The virus causes the division of epidermal cells to accelerate.At this stage, viruses are detected during PCR, cytology and histology (detected by the presence of hyperkeratosis);

3 - Displasia.The cell structure (colocytosis) changes - this can be seen under the microscope, as the virus DNA begins to interact with DNA cells and cause the development of integrated forms.For diagnosis, PCR methods, cytology and histology, and colposcopy are used;

Stage 4 - carcinoma.The development of the virus causes cell mutations and malignant cells.Invasive cancer is formed.Diagnosis occurs in all of the above methods and clinical manifestations.

HPV type

More than a hundred types of HPVs are determined that infects the urogenetal tract of a person affecting the epithelial of the skin and the mucous membranes of the genital organs - 35 species.For all types of HPV, classifications based on the types of manifestations, rash and other skin manifestations are used.HPV tipping with description looks like this:

Different types of warts-for their appearance, HPV Type 1-5 is responsible;
Subanary warts (they look like corn) -1-4 HPV types.It is usually formed in places where corn or compression occurs.In such a place, the skin becomes thicker and when pressing it causes unpleasant sensations.Such warts do not pass and require removal of surgery.There are two plantar warts subspecies.One species grows deep into the fabric and hurts a lot, the other type resembles a variety of growth, as if it is glued to each other - this type of warts barely does pain
Flat Warts - 3, 5, 10, 28, 49 types.Usually, palms, attractive faces.They are usually found in young people and because this kind of warts is called young.The body often overcomes this infection;
Regular warts - 27 HPV types;
Vulgar Warts - Type 2 viruses (as a rule, the body itself overcomes this type of virus).It is sent to domestic means;

Spicy warts affecting vagina, vulva, genitals, cervical, uterus, anal, in men can be on the head of the penis, on the skin, their location in the respiratory tract is also found - types 6, 11, 13, 16.18, 33, 35;
HPV is very oncogenic risk, causing precancerous conditions - 39 types;
Establishment of epidermodisplasia was found.It can be two types: called HPV 5, 8, 47 - for skin cancer in 9 cases out of 10, the virus is in the patient's blood, other types caused by HPV 14, 20, 21, 25 usually cause benign neoplasms;
Laringeal papillomatosis - Type 11 viruses.Usually sent from mother to child, but it is possible to infect oral sex.Cause difficulty with swallowing, hoarse voice, if the amount of papilloma is large, breathing worse;
Bowenoid Papulez.The species is provoked 16, sometimes 18, 31-35, 42, 48, 51-54 with HPV type.Often, half -male representatives with many sexual partners can occur.Outside, the formation looks like a semicircular or flat growth with a smooth or coarse surface, the color is different - from full light to almost black.The disease can be done on its own, it is a type of neo -info virus.

Symptoms and specific HPVs in men, women and children

To overcome the infection in the early stages, human immunity is quite strong.Often, the disease does not develop and one does not suspect the presence of HPV, as external symptoms may not appear.But after some time (months or years), some signs of HPV infection may occur.Statistics show that only 5-10 % of those with HPV external symptoms (human papillomavirus).The disease continues without symptoms - most of the sick have no signs of illness.When activating the virus, the growth of various types may occur that speaking of the presence of various types in the body.The localization place also talks about the type of virus.For example, papilloma has a long form of long growth (warts without threads) that is affixed to the feet, the color may not be different from the skin, but it is also pigmented.Balch -shaped growth may be visible, soft at the touch of pink.

In women, the specificity of the disease is such that the development of the disease can occur in hidden form, but sometimes it causes the formation of genital papilloma.After being infected with the virus, a woman may not see any symptoms until the onset of menopause, at this time the virus can cause malignant cells -the mucous membranes of the genital organs.To prevent the development of cervical cancer caused by the presence of HPV, a regular examination by a doctor will help.Because the disease may not be real.In children, under the influence of viruses, warts on the skin, laryngeal papillomatosis (usually in the form of chronic returns) can develop.Laring papillomatosis causes respiratory problems, up to drowning syndrome.Skin warts are present in 12 % of school children, this is the most common dermatological disease in children.

HPV and pregnancy

HPV in pregnant women is not the most dangerous disease for hers and unborn children.Pregnant women only need to be careful if they have found 6 or 11 types of VPVs (causing condylomas or anal), which, when transmitted to newborns, can have consequences in the form of respiratory papillomatosis.In the presence of condils in the amount or place that interferes with the expulsion of the fetus, it is possible to prescribe cesarean, as during normal birth, condyloma can cause bleeding development.All other forms of papilloma (abnormal wounds) are not available to the children themselves and the journey of pregnancy.

Diagnostics and to whom you should contact

The following research methods are used to diagnose papillomavirus:

personal examination of the patient;
blood tests;
Colposcopy;
Smear-Papa-Papa Testology Test;
Tissue histology;
PCR is a polymerase chain reaction.This analysis is not only to know about the presence of the virus, but also to determine its type.But if the analysis is positive, this does not mean that this type of HPV will not be conveyed on its own.This analysis also determines all types of papillomavirus;
urethroscopy;
Biopsy.

If there are no external signs in the form of rash, the patient has no complaints, and the presence of HPV DNA is only determined by the analysis - it can come from a temporary viral infection (a person is a carrier).Because HPV can be the cause of different organ disease, if any, doctors in various directions.In the presence of warts on the skin and body, they turn to dermatologists.With plantar warts - to dermatologists or surgeons.By condylomas in men - to urologists (surgeons), for women - to gynecologists (surgeons).If condylomas are present in the anal area, then you should contact the proctologist.If epidermodisphelia warts are suspected, then to a dermatologist or oncologist.Laringeal papillomatosis requires an appeal to an otolaryngologist or surgeon, Boenoid papulosis - you should contact a urologist or venerologist.Differential diagnosis is also needed with diseases such as micropapillomatosis, vestibular papillomatosis - they, unlike HPV, do not require treatment, because with their external signs are variations of anatomic norms.Breaking the normative value of blood tests will be indicated by the absence of HPV.

Treatment

So is it fully treated by HPV or not?Today, no antiviral drug is known to remove HPV from the body.Different interferons and other medicines in the series - only reduce existing condylomas, but do not reduce the new frequency.The main method of treatment is the removal of papillomas.The main method of removal is as follows:

Surgery.It is done under local anesthesia;
Radio surgery.The tumor is cut with a radio wave electrode, the ship is frozen.After antiseptic bandage is made;
laser.This method is not in contact and is not bleeding.The crust remains at the removal area, underneath, healing occurs.The disadvantages of this method are the high risk of recurrent disease, relatively high prices, and the need to grind the remaining scar;
Electrocoagulation.According to its results and effectiveness, it is the same as the previous two ways;
Cryocoagulation.Full removal of papilloma occurs after several sessions.

Although with the help of this method, the external manifestation of the virus is completely removed, this is not considered to be the disposal of absolute infection, but only relative, as one does not stop being a virus carrier, and after some time the warts may occur again.No universal method of treatment is not operating for all categories of patients (men, women and children).Only laser removal can be considered an alternative.But when applying it, there is a risk of papilloma (violence).After surgery, the patient is prescribed by the absorption of one dose of steroids, which prevents swelling, and antibiotics are also prescribed to prevent wound infections.During therapy, HPV should stop the sex life completely until the cure is full, as well as conducting exams and, if necessary, treatment, partners.

Home treatment and folk remedies

In addition to traditional treatment methods, I use others who are officially recognized as medicine and can be performed at home:

Processing warts with salicylic acid.Every day, warts should be treated with acid solution (15-20%).This method has one drawback - processing should be done for a long time;
Cream processing.They are lubricated with warts three times a week.But when used, it is possible to feel itchy, erosion, redness of the skin is possible;
Retinoids in the form of cream.They process the warts for 12 weeks.Its use is also prohibited during pregnancy;
Injection in the focus of the infection once every 7 days, within three to four weeks. Use prohibited during pregnancy;
Warts, papillomas and destroy pathogenic microbes.Warts should be processed continuously within an hour.Then a week's rest is made and processing is carried out.If the papilloma does not disappear, after 14 days of other processing, and no more than 4 procedures.It is prohibited for use in censal and pediatric warts;

If we talk about treatments with folk medicine alone, then the use of celandine has gained great popularity.The juice is treated with warts several times a day.When it becomes dark, dark skin is removed and continues to melt until the warts are completely removed.

Prevention

The main step of prevention is considered:

compliance with personal hygiene in public places;
adherence to a healthy lifestyle, maintaining immunity;
One permanent sexual partner, in sex with an unverified partner - using a condom;
adequate vitamin intake;
To live a sex life no earlier than 18, when the cervical mucosa is mature and protects itself;
Avoid the termination of man -made and sexual sex;
In time, treat inflammation.

During vaccination, some side effects in the form of deterioration, fever, redness of the skin in the area of the vaccine are sometimes observed.